Nanocomposite Catalysts of Biofuels Transformation into Syngas: Design, Reaction Mechanism and Performance Тезисы доклада
Конференция |
Catalysis for Renewable Sources: Fuel, Energy, Chemicals : 3rd International Conference 06-11 сент. 2015 , Catania |
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Сборник | Catalysis for renewable sources: fuel, energy, chemicals: 3rd International Conference (CRS-3) (September 6-11, 2015, Catania, Sicily, Italy) [Electronic resource] : Abstracts Сборник, 2015. ISBN 9785906376121. |
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Вых. Данные | Год: 2015, Номер статьи : KL-6, Страниц : 2 | ||||
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Информация о финансировании (3)
1 | European Commission | 604296 FP7-NMP-2013-LARGE-7 BIOGO |
2 | Российский фонд фундаментальных исследований | 12-03-93115 |
3 | Министерство образования и науки Российской Федерации |
Реферат:
Transformation of biofuels into syngas via steam/oxysteam reforming is now considered as one of the most important task of catalysis in the energy-related fields. Due to a high reactivity of oxygenates a heavy coking is observed leading to the catalyst deactivation. To deal with this phenomenon, active components comprised of complex oxides with a high lattice oxygen mobility (favors efficient gasification of coke precursors) promoted by Ni/Co-based alloys (responsible for oxygenates activation) are suggested. For achieving a high performance in these reactions, monolithic substrates with a good thermal conductivity are promising for providing an efficient heat supply to the catalyst and prevent emergence of cool/hot zones deteriorating performance.
This work reviews results of extensive research aimed at design and characterization of such nanocomposite structured catalysts performance in transformation of a variety of biofuels (ethanol, acetone, ethyl acetate, anisole, glycerol, turpentine, sunflower oil) [1-4]. Next basic problems are considered:
1. Atomic-scale factors controlling oxygen mobility and reactivity in complex oxides with perovskite (LnMnCrO), fluorite (PrCeZrO) and spinel (MnCrO) structures (both bulk and loaded on high surface area Mg-alumina, CaTiO3, tialite), their acid/base properties and features of strong interaction with supported metal/alloy nanoparticles (Ni, Co, Ni+Pt, Ni+Ru, etc).
2. Effect of the active component composition, specificity of surface sites and nature of oxidant on basic mechanistic features of biofuels (mainly, ethanol) transformation into syngas as elucidated by a complex of transient methods (in situ FTIRS, isotope and chemical transients, pulse microcalorimetry).
3. Design of structured catalysts by supporting optimized active components on heat-conducting substrates (Ni-Al foams, Fe-Cr-alloy corrugated foils, gauzes and microchannel platelets with protective corundum layers, microchannel cermets, SiC monolithic substrates with porous walls, etc).
4. Structured catalysts performance in pilot-scale reactors operating on real concentrated feeds and its mathematical modeling.
For steady-state optimized nanocomposite active components high mobility and reactivity of strongly bound surface oxygen (heat of adsorption 500-600 kJ/mol O2) provides realization of step-wise redox mechanism of biofuels transformation with the rate determining stage corresponding to the rupture of C-C bond in activated fuel molecule on the metal site (Ni-Ru alloy nanoparticle, etc) facilitated by the interaction with oxygen species at the metal-support interface.
Optimized structured catalysts provide a high yield of hydrogen (H2 content up to 50%) in the IT range both in steam and autothermal reforming of biofuels at short contact times. Main by-product is CH4 due to cracking, while for alumina-supported active components C2H4 is formed on acid sites. Suppressing acidity by increasing Mg loading and O2 addition to the feed decreases C2H4 content, thus suppressing coking, stable performance was confirmed for more than 100 h time-on-stream. For heat-conducting substrates (Ni-Al foam, microchannel platelets etc.) mathematical modeling demonstrated the absence of any heat- and mass-transfer effects. No spallation or cracking of the active components on metallic substrates was revealed.
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Библиографическая ссылка:
Sadykov V.A.
Nanocomposite Catalysts of Biofuels Transformation into Syngas: Design, Reaction Mechanism and Performance
В сборнике Catalysis for renewable sources: fuel, energy, chemicals: 3rd International Conference (CRS-3) (September 6-11, 2015, Catania, Sicily, Italy) [Electronic resource] : Abstracts. 2015. – C.28-29. – ISBN 9785906376121.
Nanocomposite Catalysts of Biofuels Transformation into Syngas: Design, Reaction Mechanism and Performance
В сборнике Catalysis for renewable sources: fuel, energy, chemicals: 3rd International Conference (CRS-3) (September 6-11, 2015, Catania, Sicily, Italy) [Electronic resource] : Abstracts. 2015. – C.28-29. – ISBN 9785906376121.
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